nginx – 第 2 页 – 马谦的博客

nginx 学习篇：location 模块和反向代理配置

2017 年 11 月 18 日2017 年 9 月 24 日作者马谦马谦马谦

一、概述 location 模块是 nginx 中用的最多的，也是最重要的模块了，什么负载均衡啊、反向代理啊、虚拟域名啊都与它相关。 location 根据它字面意思就知道是来定位的，定位 URL，解析 URL，所以，它也提供了强大的正则匹配功能，也支持条件判断匹配，用户可以通过 location 指令实现 Ngi ... 阅读更多

nginx 学习篇：server 模块

2017 年 11 月 18 日2017 年 9 月 24 日作者马谦马谦马谦

一、概述 server 模块是 http 的子模块，它用来定一个虚拟主机，一个 server 模块主要包含一下配置：

server {
        # 监听的端口
        listen       8080; 
        # 用户访问的域名，请求的 Host 字段
        server_name  localhost 192.168.87.131; 
        # 主目录地址
        root   /home/wwwroot;
        # 默认的首页形式
        index  index.php index.html index.htm; 
        # 字符编码
        charset utf-8;
        # 用户的访问日志，main 表示日志的格式
        # 目录需要提前创建好
        access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        # 错误日志，error 为日志格式
        # 目录需要提前创建好
        error_log  logs/host.error.log  error;
        ....
}

server {

# 监听的端口

listen 8080;

# 用户访问的域名，请求的 Host 字段

server_name localhost 192.168.87.131;

# 主目录地址

root /home/wwwroot;

# 默认的首页形式

index index.php index.html index.htm;

# 字符编码

charset utf-8;

# 用户的访问日志，main 表示日志的格式

# 目录需要提前创建好

access_log logs/host.access.log main;

# 错误日志，error 为日志格式

# 目录需要提前创建好

error_log logs/host.error.log error;

....

}

这个配置的意思是当有用户在浏览器中输入 192.168.87.131:8080 访问主机的 8080 端口时，服务器将会返回/hom ... 阅读更多

nginx 学习篇：main 、 events 和 http 模块

2017 年 11 月 18 日2017 年 9 月 24 日作者马谦马谦马谦

TODO

nginx 学习篇：nginx 的配置文档

2017 年 11 月 18 日2017 年 9 月 24 日作者马谦马谦马谦

一、概述二、 nginx 配置 nginx 的配置文件位于/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf，根据安装位置的不同而不同，也有可能在/etc/nginx/nginx.con，打开文件：

[root@localhost conf]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#user  root;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include     /etc/nginx/conf/*.conf;
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  "$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" "
    #                  "$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "
    #                  ""$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"";

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;


    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   https://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache"s document root
        # concurs with nginx"s one
        #
        #location ~ /.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
}

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

[root@localhost conf]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#user root;

worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include /etc/nginx/conf/*.conf;

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main "$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" "

# "$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "

# ""$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"";

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {

root html;

index index.html index.htm;

}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

#location ~ .php$ {

# proxy_pass https://127.0.0.1;

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#location ~ .php$ {

# root html;

# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

# fastcgi_index index.php;

# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

# include fastcgi_params;

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache"s document root

# concurs with nginx"s one

#location ~ /.ht {

# deny all;

}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

#server {

# listen 8000;

# listen somename:8080;

# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

# HTTPS server

#server {

# listen 443 ssl;

# server_name localhost;

# ssl_certificate cert.pem;

# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;

# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

}

一共分为六 ... 阅读更多

nginx 学习篇：添加 nginx 到开机自启

2017 年 11 月 18 日2017 年 9 月 24 日作者马谦马谦马谦

创建文件/etc/init.d/nginx，把脚本复制进去，nginx 官方启动脚本：nginx 官方脚本地址

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse 
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed "s/[^*]*--user=([^ ]*).*/1/g" -`
   if [ -n "$user" ]; then
      if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
         useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
      fi
      options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:"`
      for opt in $options; do
          if [ `echo $opt | grep ".*-temp-path"` ]; then
              value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
              if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
                  # echo "creating" $value
                  mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
              fi
          fi
       done
    fi
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

#!/bin/sh

# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse

# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server

# processname: nginx

# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx

# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"

prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {

# make required directories

user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed "s/[^*]*--user=([^ ]*).*/1/g" -`

if [ -n "$user" ]; then

if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then

useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user

options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:"`

for opt in $options; do

if [ `echo $opt | grep ".*-temp-path"` ]; then

value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`

if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then

# echo "creating" $value

mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value

done

}

start() {

[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5

[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6

make_dirs

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile

return $retval

}

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc $prog -QUIT

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile

return $retval

}

restart() {

configtest || return $?

stop

sleep 1

start

}

reload() {

configtest || return $?

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

killproc $nginx -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

}

force_reload() {

restart

}

configtest() {

$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}

rh_status() {

status $prog

}

rh_status_q() {

rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1

}

case "$1" in

start)

rh_status_q && exit 0

;;

stop)

rh_status_q || exit 0

;;

restart|configtest)

;;

reload)

rh_status_q || exit 7

;;

force-reload)

force_reload

;;

status)

rh_status

;;

condrestart|try-restart)

rh_status_q || exit 0

;;

echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"

exit 2

esac

需要修改的两个地方：

# nginx 程序目录 
# nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"  
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

# nginx 程序目录

# nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

[crayon-694d ... 阅读更多

nginx 学习篇：nginx 安装

2017 年 12 月 21 日2017 年 9 月 24 日作者马谦马谦马谦

一、摘要 nginx 安装有三种方式： 1 、配置 yum 安装：这个需要先配置好 yum 软件包，然后使用 yum install nginx 命令安装。 2 、源码安装：去官网下载源码，自行编译安装。 3 、使用第三方提供的安装包：如 lnmp 一键安装包，简单操作就能一键配置。这里我使用的是第二种方式，从源码安装。 ... 阅读更多

nginx 学习篇：nginx 介绍

2017 年 11 月 18 日2017 年 9 月 24 日作者马谦马谦马谦

一、摘要早就听说了强大的 nginx，一直想找个机会好好了解一下，可惜网上的资料纷杂不一，大部分都是直接把配置文件一扔，很少去解释每个配置的意义，看得天花乱坠，知其然不知其所以然。所以下定决心自己好好动手去玩一玩，顺便记录下这一个神奇的过程~ 二、 nginx 介绍 Nginx (engine x) 是 ... 阅读更多

2025 年 12 月
一	二	三	四	五	六	日
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
8	9	10	11	12	13	14
15	16	17	18	19	20	21
22	23	24	25	26	27	28
29	30	31