二进制包安装MySQL的步骤和源码编译安装的步骤差不多,只是少了编译的流程,直接解压就能使用,相对方便很多。
一、安装步骤
创建用户和安装依赖项:
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# 创建用户 > useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql # 安装依赖项 > yum install numactl -y |
下载安装包,解压,设置的安装目录为/usr/local/
:
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> wget https://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz > tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local > ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql |
初始化数据库,设置数据库的数据目录为/data/mysqldb
(默认为安装目录下的data目录):
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# 创建数据目录 > mkdir /data/mysqldb -p # 设置安装目录和数据目录的权限 > chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysqldb /usr/local/mysql # 初始化数据库 > /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \ --datadir=/data/mysqldb \ --user=mysql |
设置配置文件和启动脚本:
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> cd /usr/local/mysql > cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf > cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld > chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld |
同时如果修改了数据库的数据目录,也就是初始化时指定了datadir
目录,还需要在/etc/init.d/mysqld
中修改datadir
配置。
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> vi /etc/init.d/mysqld basedir=/usr/local/mysql # 找到此行并修改为数据目录 datadir=/data/mysqldb |
设置环境变量:
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export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib |
启动mysql服务:
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> service mysqld start > mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 7 Server version: 5.6.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type "help;" or "h" for help. Type "c" to clear the current input statement. mysql> |
添加到开机启动:
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> chkconfig --add mysqld > chkconfig mysqld on |
设置root密码:
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> mysqladmin -u root password "123456" |
二、遇到的问题
问题一
Installing MySQL system tables.../usr/local/mysql-5.6.38/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
缺少库文件,使用以下命令安装:
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> yum install numactl -y |
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